Perliminary Exercise - Research

Continuity
the film needs to flow from shot to shot so the story can continue a good example of this is when time skips and the viewer is aware of this for example; someone goes to sleep and wakes up in the morning we do not have to watch the whole 12 hours sleep but we no the story has progressed.
bad continuity for example; in one shot theres a ipod on the table. ... shot changes .. then goes back and the ipod is gone this is a error and the continuity is lost.


Starwars continuity mistakes .. explains itself

Match on Action
This is the technique where one shot changes from another fluidily .
This creates an impression of continuity the shots could of been filmed weeks apart from one another but the viewer would be unaware of this . if a charater begins an action in the first shot and completes it in the next, a visual "bridge" is created which acts to disguise the cut from one to the other.



This shows a girl going to the library and getting a book and the camera changes as she starts to turn the page and in the next shot show her finishing turning the page.. this is continued seemlessly


Shot / Reverse shot
The techinque is used in scenes where there are usually 2-4 people on screen. In a classic shot/reverse shot the camera would focus on one person on set and they recite a few lines of dialogue, during the shot you will most likely see the person there talking to's shoulder slighty out of focus on the edge of the shot, to give the feel there having a conversation.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QLkUHZ1qips&feature=related (embeding disabled)

This shows a conversation between two people talking about there relationship.

simple video and shows the shot/reverse alot.

This is a good example of Shot/Reverse shot as you can see that the two people on screen are having a conversation and the camera focus on the person furthest away as he is talking in the shot

180 Degree Rule

180' degree is used so the viewer does not get confused as if the camera pans round the actors in the shot will look like there not engaging in conversation

as they will be looking the same way on screen.

This schematic shows the axis between two characters and the 180° arc on which cameras may be positioned (green). When cutting from the green arc to the red arc, the characters switch places on the screen.